On February 8, as part of the launch of the Decade of Science and Technology in Russia in 2023 events, under the Russian Union of Rectors patronage, the action “Scientists to Schools”, timed to the Day of Russian Science and held as part of the Days of Unified Actions, Professor of the Internal Diseases Department No. 1 of Kursk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia Stepchenko M. A. read a popular science lecture “Historical aspects of the study of blood diseases” for 5th and 6th year students of the Therapeutic Department. The history of the study of acute and chronic leukemia goes back to the distant 19th century. The first description of leukemia belongs to the French physician Alfred Armand-Louis Marie Velpo (1827). The founders of the doctrine of chronic leukemia are John Bennett and Rudolf Virchow (1845, 1847, 1856). In 1892, the French clinician Louis Henri Vaquez gives a description of polycythemia for the first time. Names of great Russian hematologists: I.A. Kassirsky, Y.I. Lorie, A.I. Vorobyova etc., the whole world knows. The lecture aroused keen interest among students.